Спех, спешка
The words спех and спешка are nouns that mean “a hurry, a rush.” They are conversational words; you wouldn't write them in a formal paper. The former is particularly used in combination with the preposition к to mean “to be in a rush/hurry (to get something, to get something done).” The person who feels the haste is expressed in the dative:
— Когда тебе нужен перевод статьи? — Мне не к спеху. |
“When do you need the translation of the article?” “I'm in no rush.” |
Viper F50 2T продам не к спеху. (source) | I'm selling a Viper F50 2T [scooter], but I'm in no rush. |
— Тебе это очень к спеху? — Нет, мне это не к спеху, я подожду. |
“Are you in a big rush for this?” “No, I'm in no hurry. I'll wait.” |
Спешка is mostly used in the prepositional case after в:
Она в спешке вышла из дома и забыла сотовый. | She left the house in a hurry and forgot her cell phone. |
Никогда не работай в спешке, а то будут ошибки. | Never do your work in a rush, otherwise you'll make mistakes. |
Ураган "Айк" двинулся на Техас: техасцы в спешке покидают побережье. (source) | Hurricane Ike has headed toward Texas: Texans are rushing to leave the coast |
Я поцеловал жену, но в спешке попал не в ротик, а в носик. | I kissed my wife, but in my haste landed on her nose instead of her lips. |
Лоб
The Russian word for forehead is лоб. The о is a fleeting vowel, which means that any time you add a grammatical ending to the noun, the о drops out. Notice also that the word distinguishes a locative form «на лбу» “on the forehead” from the prepositional form «о лбе» “about the forehead.”
Sg | Pl | |
Nom | лоб | лбы |
Acc | лоб | лбы |
Gen | лба | лбов |
Pre | о лбе, на лбу | лбах |
Dat | лбу | лбам |
Ins | лбом | лбами |
Первоклассник забыл дома дневник, и честно заработанную четверку Светлана Владимировна нарисовала ему прямо на лбу. Учительницу уволили. (adapted from this source) | A first-grader left his gradebook at home, so [teacher] Svetlana Vladimirovna drew his hard-earned B on his forehead. The teacher was fired. |
На лбу Ленина вандалы нарисовали свастику. (source) | Vandals drew a swastika on Lenin's forehead. |
Of course, in that last example they have in mind a statue of Lenin, not Lenin's embalmed body.
There is a phrase «как на лбу написано» “like it was written on the forehead” that the Russians use to catch the idea that something was obvious by the expression of a person's face.
Зина согласилась на поездку, но у неё на лбу было написано, что ей очень не хотелось провести восемь часов в одном купе с Витей. | Zina agreed to the trip, but you could see in her face that she really didn't want to spend eight hours in the same train compartment with Viktor. |
— Диме не нравится Лара. — Да, это у него на лбу написано. |
“Dima doesn't like Lara.” “Yes, that's clear from the expression on his face.” |
Мышца
Have you ever wondered where the word muscle comes from? It's from Latin. In Latin mūs means mouse. The suffix -culus is a diminutive suffix. Thus mūsculus means “little mouse,” which kind of makes sense since if you look at a muscle moving on your body, it kind of looks like some critter is scurrying under your skin. In Russian the root мыш- means mouse. The suffix -ца is a diminutive suffix. One of the words for muscle in Russian is мышца. When you take the roots and suffixes of a word in one language, and you substitute the roots and suffixes of another language to make a new word in that language, we call that word a calque. Мышца is a Russian calque from a Latin word. Interestingly enough, something similar happens in Polish. The Polish root for mouse is myš-, and -ca is a diminutive suffix. The Polish word myšca is also a calque from Latin and means muscle. Here are some sample sentences:
Дельтовидная мышца — поверхностная мышца плеча. (adapted from source) | The deltoid muscle is a superfical muscle of the shoulder. |
Полузащитник "Ростова" Хон Ён Чо надорвал икроножную мышцу. (source) | Rostov midfielder Hong Yong-Jo tore his calf muscle. |
Желание накачать мышцы у мужчин, недовольных своей физической формой, возникает чаще, чем это можно себе представить. (source) | Men who are dissatisfied with the physical form have the desire to pump up their muscles pop up more often than you can imagine. |
Переварачиваю различные предметы мышцами живота. (dopey video) | I flip various objects over with the muscles of my belly. |
bg | мускул |
de | der Muskel |
es | músculo |
fr | muscle (masc) |
pl | myšca |
Подмышка
Подмышка is a fun word. The prefix под- means under, and the root мыш- means mouse. Thus подмышка means armpit, and doesn't that little bit of hair under your arm kind of look like a mouse? Sample sentences:
Зачем нужна подмышка? Почему она потеет? (source) | Why do you need an armpit? Why does it sweat? |
У меня под левой подмышкой какое-то воспаление ввиде шарика. (source) | I have some kind of ball-shaped inflamation under my left armpit. |
А ну-ка, давай подмышку, будем мерить температуру! (adapted from this source) | Well, now, give me your armpit. We're going to measure your temperature! |
— Можно я посмотрю на твою подмышку? — На мою подмышку? — Это моя любимая часть женского тела. |
“Do you mind if I look at your armpit?” “My armpit?” “It's my favorite part of a woman's body.”¹ |
¹ From the movie “Flirting with Disaster.”
Мышь (часть вторая)
Мышь also means mouse in the sense of a computer mouse. There are a lot of different kinds of mouses (mice?) out there, including:
двухкнопочная мышь | two-button mouse |
трёхкнопочная мышь | three-button mouse |
лазерная мышь | laser mouse |
When you talk about pressing a mouse button, a variety of verbs are used: нажимать/нажать “to press,” кликать/кликнуть “to click,” щелкать/щелкнуть “to click.” Sample sentences:
Оптическая мышь плохо работает на чёрном коврике. | An optical mouse doesn't work well on a black mouse pad. |
Нажмите и отпустите левую клавишу мыши. Кликните и отпустите левую клавишу мыши. Щёлкните и отпустите левую клавишу мыши. |
Click and release the left mouse button.¹ |
Наведите курсор мыши на «Корзину», нажмите и отпустите левую клавишу мыши. | Move the mouse cursor to the Recycle Bin, press and release the left mouse button. |
Чтобы выделить иконку, необходимо единожды кликнуть по ней левой клавишей мыши.¹ | In order to select an icon, you must click it once with the left mouse button. |
Одновременно с передвижением мыши по столу на экране будет перемещаться её стрелка. (adapted from this source) | When you move the mouse on the desk, the arrow simultaneously moves across the screen. |
Если при выполнении действия не сказано, какой именно кнопкой нужно щёлкнуть, имеется в виду левая кнопка мыши.¹ | If it is not said which button in particular you need to press when performing an action, then they have in mind the left mouse button. |
¹ Examples adapted from this source.
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