One of the words in Russian for a plan, like the plans you have for the evening or the weekend, is план. It's a perfectly regular masculine noun, and when asking someone about their plans, it is usually used in the plural:

The answer to the question will often contain a perfective motion verb in по- to indicate where the person wants to go:

Враг is the Russian word for enemy. Try it out loud, it even sounds tough!

Правда ли, что кошка и собака враги?
Is it true that cats and dogs are enemies?

Вот видишь, они враги.
See? They are enemies.

Both Russian and English have plenty of sayings about enemies. One that comes to my mind is “Man is his own worst enemy.”

There is a similar Russian saying: Тот дурак, кто сам себе враг. How foolish it is to be your own enemy.

Peter Parker was his own enemy in Spiderman 3; the caption reads “Spider Man, the enemy in the reflection”:

A couple of plural uses for our word are:

Вам нужно прощать врагов.
You need to forgive your enemies.

Не трать своё время на врагов.
Don't waste your time on enemies.

As I was looking through pictures with the theme "enemy," I came across this old Russian poster. The slogan reads: "Our cause is just, the enemy will be broken."

The word for juice is сок. Usually when we talk about juice, we specify the type of juice, thus we have phrases like:

In English the phrase “apple juice” is made up of two nouns where the first noun modifies the second noun. In Russian you don't normally use a first noun to modify a second noun. Instead you change the first noun into an adjective and then use it with the second word, thus:

Here are some sample sentences:

Many liquids sometimes appear in the genitive case to indicate ‘a quantity of,’ and juice is one of them. We call that usage the partitive genitive. Note the contrast in these sentences:

Сок is interesting because it has an alternative partitive genitive case form соку in addition to the regular genitive; sometimes we call those forms ‘second genitives.’ Thus you might come across:

Those second genitives are becoming less and less common. They are more conversational in style, less formal. You are very likely to hear them out of the mouth of someone's grandmother. A younger person with a big-city education will use them less often.

There are three words that native speakers of English often confuse at first in their studies of Russian:

1. The first one of those is дома, which is an adverb that means “at home.” It never changes its endings.
2. The second is домой, which is an adverb that means “home” in the sense of “homeward/to home.” It never changes its endings.
3. The third is дом, which is a noun that means “house” or “building” and occurs in the singular and plural of all six cases. The genitive singular of this nouns is дома, which is spelled the same as #1 above, but means something different. The nominative/accusative plural is дома “houses/buildings,” which again is spelled the same as #1 above, but obviously the meanings and stress don't match.

Today we are focusing on дома in the meaning “at home.” As an adverb it cannot be used with a preposition:

Whenever you go on a plane, the person who makes it a safe and pleasant flight is the flight attendant. In Russian you would call her стюардесса. The literal translation is stewardess,but that hasn't been politically correct in the U.S. since the late 70s.

As you may have noticed, стюардесса is a feminine term. The proper word for a male flight attendant is, бортпроводник But sometimes you might hear, стюард.

Since I became a stewardess some 6 years ago, a friend of my mother's likes to quote a line from a song by Vladimir Vysotsky's Moscow to Odessa. whenever he sees me:

«А вот прошла вся в синем стюардесса, как принцесса...»
“There goes the blue-clad stewardess, like a princess...”